![]() While printing was still relatively new in Europe, German printers developed a variety of Bastarda called Schwabacher. In addition to Textura, the most common blackletter styles to be developed eventually became known as Fraktur, Rotunda and Bastarda. Many of the different varieties of blackletter that have since become common were codified during the first century of European printing. For its 42-line Bible, the typeface Gutenberg’s workshop developed was a Textura, the style of blackletter then used for handwritten liturgical books. ![]() The first books printed in Europe by Johannes Gutenberg and his mid-fifteenth-century contemporaries mimicked the appearance of manuscripts, using blackletters. The history of blackletter stretches back about a thousand years, having originated as handwriting styles in manuscript production. Written by Milan, Italy–based calligrapher and graphic designer Luca Barcellona. While blackletter is not the appropriate choice for every design application, it has so much more potential to offer graphic designers than the advertising campaign headlines and posters it is normally used for today. ![]() Blackletter is instantly different from more-common typeface styles it brings an ornamental quality to work it is used in. Or, when combined with lowercase letters in passages of text intended to be read, rather than merely gazed at, they can be subdued. They can be ornate and almost abstract when used alone. Textura and Fraktur-two widespread styles of blackletter-give me a good base to experiment with personal styles.” Blackletter capitals have a wider range than roman capitals in terms of the diversity of forms they can take. What is blackletter’s appeal? According to Barcellona, “roman capitals written with a flat brush are the most difficult letters to do. But blackletter today is an area of experimentation and expression for more than just calligraphers. This is true both for experienced practitioners, like John Stevens and Julian Waters, as well for their younger colleagues, like Giuseppe Salerno and Barcellona, who is probably the calligrapher to have made the most expressive uses of blackletter in the past decade. Since blackletter predates the invention of European printing, it is not surprising that blackletter is still popular with calligraphers and letterers. “I was attracted by the strength of gothic letterforms because of their expressive contrast.” “The first time I understood the potential of blackletter was when I was a graffiti writer,” he says. Hailing from Milan, Barcellona embraces a variety of writing styles in his calligraphic practice, but the “love” he is talking about is not roman or italic letterforms, but blackletter. It was my first love,” Luca Barcellona says.
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